What to Do When You Get a Bug Bite — And When to Worry

Summertime is bug bite season — and if you’ve ever come home from a hike or an evening around the fire pit with an itchy welt, you’re not alone. While most bites are minor annoyances, some can become serious if not treated properly. Knowing how to care for a bite (and when to get help) can keep your summer safe and stress-free.

Mosquitoes are among the most common summertime biters

Common Culprits: What’s Biting You?

The most frequent biters include:

• Mosquitoes: Often leave itchy, red welts. Mostly harmless but can transmit viruses like West Nile.

• Spiders: Most are harmless, but a few can cause reactions.

• Ticks: Can carry Lyme disease and other illnesses. Early removal is key.

• Bees/Wasps: Painful stings with potential for allergic reaction.

• Fleas & Ants: More common for kids and pets, especially in grassy areas.

Most bug bites share similar symptoms: redness, swelling, itching, and minor pain. But how do you know when it’s just irritating — and when it’s an emergency?

First Aid: What to Do Right After a Bite

If you’ve just been bitten or stung, here’s what to do:

1. Wash the area with soap and water.

2. Apply a cold compress to reduce swelling.

3. Use hydrocortisone cream or calamine lotion for itching.

4. Avoid scratching — it increases the risk of infection.

5. Take antihistamines if itching is severe.

If you were stung by a bee, make sure the stinger is removed. Ticks should be pulled straight out with fine-tipped tweezers. Avoid squeezing the body — it can increase disease risk.

Some bites cause swelling, redness, or itching — usually not dangerous.

When to Worry

Most bites get better within a few days. But some warning signs should prompt a call (or visit) to your doctor:

You should seek medical attention if the swelling from a bug bite spreads quickly or covers a large area, as this may indicate a more serious reaction.

Other red flags include the development of a fever or chills, which could signal an infection. If the bite begins to ooze pus, becomes increasingly warm to the touch, or shows signs of intense inflammation, it may be infected and require treatment.

Additionally, symptoms like dizziness, nausea, or shortness of breath could point to a systemic allergic response and should be taken seriously. If the bite site turns dark, forms a blister, or starts to resemble a bullseye — especially if it was from a tick — it may be a sign of Lyme disease or another tick-borne illness, and you should contact your doctor right away.

For children, be especially watchful. Kids tend to scratch bites more, which increases infection risk. According to the CDC, infections from insect bites lead to over 100,000 ER visits annually in the U.S.

Allergic Reactions: Recognizing Anaphylaxis

For some, especially with bee or wasp stings, a bite can trigger a life-threatening allergic reaction called anaphylaxis. Watch for:

• Swelling of the face, lips, or throat

• Difficulty breathing

• Rapid heartbeat

• Hives over large portions of the body

Call 911 immediately if any of these symptoms occur.

Prevention: How to Avoid Bug Bites in the First Place

Bug repellent and covered clothing are your first line of defense

To prevent bug bites, start by using an insect repellent that contains DEET or picaridin — both are effective and safe for children over two months old.

When spending time in wooded or grassy areas, wear long sleeves and pants to protect your skin. It’s also a good idea to avoid sweet-smelling products and bright clothing, as they can attract bees and other stinging insects.

After hikes or time spent outdoors, be sure to check yourself and your kids for ticks, especially in areas like the scalp, behind the ears, and around the waist. Finally, try to stay indoors during dawn and dusk hours, when mosquitoes are most active. Taking these simple steps can go a long way toward keeping your summer bite-free.

Tip: Natural oils like lemon eucalyptus can be effective but may need more frequent application.

When in Doubt, Reach Out

If a bite looks infected or symptoms worsen, contact your doctor

Most bites are harmless — but it’s always better to be safe than sorry. If you’re unsure, give your doctor a call.

At Dr. Cranney’s office, we’re always happy to take a quick look and offer peace of mind. Our Direct Primary Care model means fast appointments, same-day access, and real answers — whether it’s a mystery bite or something more serious.

Final Thoughts

Bug bites are a part of summer — but they don’t have to ruin it. With the right care, a little prevention, and knowing when to ask for help, you can enjoy the season with peace of mind.

Got a bite that doesn’t look right? Reach out to us — we’re here to help you stay well, all summer long.