Allergy Season is Here: How to Tell if It’s Allergies or a Cold

As spring begins to bloom, so begins the sneezing, coughing, and reaching for tissues. A common question we get in the office is:

"Is this just seasonal allergies—or the start of a cold?"

With similar symptoms, it can be tricky to tell the difference. Knowing what you’re dealing with can help you find faster relief and avoid unnecessary treatments. Let's talk about the key differences between allergies and the common cold.

🤧 Allergies vs. Colds: What Causes Each One?

Let’s start with the basics:

 Allergies

Allergies occur when your immune system reacts to a harmless substance (like pollen) as if it’s a threat. A few examples of external allergens are:

 • Pollen

 • Dust mites

 • Pet dander

 • Mold

 Common Cold

Colds are caused by a viral infection—usually a rhinovirus—and is contagious. Colds are caused by germs, which are typically spread through airborne droplets or contact with contaminated surfaces.

Symptom Breakdown: How to Tell Them Apart

Symptom	Allergies	Cold
Onset	Sudden, tied to allergen	Gradual, 1–3 days after exposure
Duration	Weeks (as long as exposed)	7–10 days
Fever	Never	Sometimes (especially in kids)
Sneezing	Common	Common
Itchy Eyes/Nose	Very common	Rare
Nasal Congestion	Common	Common
Body Aches	Rare	Common
Fatigue	Mild	More pronounced
Sore Throat	Sometimes (from postnasal drip)	Common

Use this quick-reference chart to spot the difference between allergies and a cold

🩺 When Should You See a Doctor?

Most mild allergy symptoms can be managed with over-the-counter antihistamines, nasal sprays, or eye drops. However, you should consult your provider if:

If your symptoms just aren’t going away—or they’re actually getting worse—it might be time to check in with a doctor. Sometimes it’s hard to tell whether you’re dealing with regular allergies or something more, like a recurring sinus infection. If you’ve had issues with asthma or sinus infections in the past, that could be a clue, too. And if you’re starting to experience wheezing or shortness of breath, don’t ignore it—that could be a sign that something more serious is going on.

Persistent allergy symptoms may be a sign of allergic rhinitis or another underlying condition that can be treated with prescription medications or immunotherapy.

🧪 Diagnosis: Allergy Testing vs. Cold Care

If you suspect seasonal allergies, allergy testing (either skin or blood tests) can help identify specific triggers. On the other hand, diagnosing a cold usually relies on symptoms and medical history, not testing—unless complications arise.

💊 Treatment Options: Finding Relief

For Allergies:

• Antihistamines (Claritin, Zyrtec, Allegra)

• Nasal corticosteroids (Flonase, Nasonex)

• Decongestants (short-term use only)

• Allergy immunotherapy (for long-term prevention)

For Colds:

• Rest and hydration

• Saline nasal rinses

• Over-the-counter medications (acetaminophen, ibuprofen)

• Throat lozenges or warm teas

Avoid antibiotics!—they don’t treat viruses or allergies.

Whether it’s a cold or allergies, knowing how to treat your symptoms makes all the difference.

🌿 Is it possible that you have both?

Yes! It’s possible to have allergies and catch a cold at the same time. Allergy symptoms can even weaken your immune system, making you more susceptible to viruses. If symptoms linger or evolve, check in with your healthcare provider.

🧠 Final Thoughts: Don’t Guess—Get Answers

Understanding whether you’re dealing with a cold or allergies can help you feel better, faster. If you’re unsure, we’re here to help. At Dr. Cranney’s office, we offer compassionate, personalized care for everything from seasonal sniffles to long-term allergy management.

Not sure if it’s a cold or allergies? We’re here to help you find the answers.